Roland Thijs and Maeike Zijlmans
Epilepsy still poses major challenges. The clinical management of seizures has advanced over the last 100 years due to pharmacological progress and the introduction of surgery. Our understanding of aetiology has improved through developments in imaging and genomics. In the future, genome-wide scanning will further advance the elucidation of epilepsy.
It is, however, unrealistic to assume that genomics alone will clarify the causality or architecture of the multiple factors underlying seizures. Investigative tools such as state-of-the-art neuroimaging, various modalities of physiological testing, as well as basic science, translational and clinical facilities, will also be required. Genomics will form the cornerstone of a rational approach to diseases, which will be defined by their pathophysiological underpinnings. This requires moving beyond a single-condition-oriented focus towards a systems approach.